Relatives within this Jungle: The Fight to Safeguard an Remote Rainforest Tribe

The resident Tomas Anez Dos Santos was laboring in a modest glade far in the of Peru jungle when he detected footsteps coming closer through the dense forest.

He realized that he had been hemmed in, and halted.

“A single individual stood, directing with an projectile,” he recalls. “And somehow he detected I was here and I began to escape.”

He found himself encountering members of the Mashco Piro. For decades, Tomas—dwelling in the tiny community of Nueva Oceania—was practically a neighbour to these nomadic individuals, who avoid interaction with strangers.

Tomas expresses care towards the Mashco Piro
Tomas expresses care for the Mashco Piro: “Allow them to live according to their traditions”

A new report by a rights group states remain no fewer than 196 described as “uncontacted groups” left in the world. This tribe is believed to be the largest. It says a significant portion of these groups may be eliminated in the next decade unless authorities neglect to implement additional measures to safeguard them.

It argues the greatest threats come from timber harvesting, extraction or operations for petroleum. Uncontacted groups are extremely at risk to ordinary sickness—as such, it says a risk is posed by contact with evangelical missionaries and digital content creators looking for engagement.

In recent times, members of the tribe have been appearing to Nueva Oceania with greater frequency, based on accounts from locals.

Nueva Oceania is a fishing hamlet of several households, sitting elevated on the shores of the local river in the heart of the Peruvian Amazon, 10 hours from the closest settlement by watercraft.

The territory is not classified as a safeguarded reserve for isolated tribes, and deforestation operations operate here.

According to Tomas that, on occasion, the sound of logging machinery can be detected day and night, and the tribe members are witnessing their woodland disrupted and ruined.

Within the village, inhabitants state they are torn. They fear the Mashco Piro's arrows but they also possess profound respect for their “brothers” who live in the woodland and wish to safeguard them.

“Allow them to live according to their traditions, we can't modify their traditions. For this reason we preserve our separation,” says Tomas.

Mashco Piro people photographed in Peru's local province
Tribal members seen in the Madre de Dios territory, June 2024

The people in Nueva Oceania are worried about the destruction to the community's way of life, the risk of aggression and the likelihood that timber workers might introduce the Mashco Piro to diseases they have no immunity to.

At the time in the settlement, the tribe made themselves known again. Letitia Rodriguez Lopez, a young mother with a toddler daughter, was in the woodland gathering produce when she detected them.

“We heard cries, sounds from individuals, numerous of them. Like it was a large gathering yelling,” she shared with us.

That was the first instance she had come across the group and she ran. Subsequently, her thoughts was persistently throbbing from anxiety.

“Because exist loggers and operations cutting down the forest they are fleeing, maybe due to terror and they end up near us,” she said. “We are uncertain how they will behave with us. That is the thing that frightens me.”

Recently, a pair of timber workers were confronted by the tribe while catching fish. One was wounded by an bow to the gut. He recovered, but the other person was discovered dead subsequently with nine puncture marks in his physique.

Nueva Oceania is a small river community in the of Peru rainforest
Nueva Oceania is a modest fishing community in the of Peru forest

Authorities in Peru has a policy of avoiding interaction with remote tribes, establishing it as prohibited to commence encounters with them.

The policy began in a nearby nation following many years of advocacy by tribal advocacy organizations, who observed that early exposure with secluded communities could lead to whole populations being wiped out by illness, poverty and starvation.

In the 1980s, when the Nahau community in the country came into contact with the world outside, a significant portion of their community died within a matter of years. A decade later, the Muruhanua people suffered the identical outcome.

“Secluded communities are highly vulnerable—from a disease perspective, any interaction may spread sicknesses, and even the simplest ones might eliminate them,” says an advocate from a local advocacy organization. “From a societal perspective, any contact or intrusion could be very harmful to their way of life and well-being as a community.”

For local residents of {

Gina Mcguire
Gina Mcguire

A certified fitness trainer and nutritionist specializing in cold-weather adaptations and holistic health practices.